Global Space Sustainability Governance Framework

A neutral, multipolar approach to orbital sustainability that aligns with international law and regional regulatory frameworks, ensuring equitable participation and long-term viability of outer space for all nations.

International Governance Alignment

The Space Debris Credit (SDC) framework operationalizes existing international space law and voluntary guidelines, providing market-based mechanisms to fulfill obligations under the Outer Space Treaty (1967), Liability Convention (1972), and Registration Convention (1976).

UN COPUOS Long-Term Sustainability Guidelines

SDCs provide concrete implementation mechanisms for the 21 guidelines adopted by the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, transforming voluntary norms into incentive-driven compliance.

  • Guideline A.5: Supervision of space activities
  • Guideline B.6: Information sharing on space objects
  • Guideline B.7: Space debris mitigation measures

IADC Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines

The SDC system aligns with the Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee's technical standards, providing economic incentives for operators to exceed minimum compliance thresholds.

  • Post-mission disposal within 25 years
  • Passivation of energy sources
  • Collision avoidance during operations

Regional Space Policy Frameworks

The framework accommodates diverse governance models while maintaining interoperability through standardized SDER metrics and blockchain-verified transactions.

  • Americas: NASA sustainability requirements, FAA licensing
  • Europe: ESA Zero Debris Charter, EU Space Act
  • BRICS: CNSA guidelines, Roscosmos protocols, ISRO standards
  • Africa: AfSA pan-African coordination mechanisms

Climate & Sustainability Commitments

SDCs support global environmental objectives by protecting critical satellite infrastructure for climate monitoring and Earth observation.

  • Paris Agreement (2015): Climate data continuity
  • UN Sustainable Development Goals: SDG 9, 13, 17
  • Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) frameworks

Multi-Jurisdictional Regulatory Compatibility

The SDC framework is designed to integrate seamlessly with existing national and regional regulatory systems, respecting sovereignty while enabling cross-border credit trading and verification.

Americas

  • FAA commercial space licensing requirements
  • NASA sustainability guidelines for government missions
  • Canadian Space Agency coordination protocols
  • Brazilian Space Agency emerging frameworks

Europe

  • ESA Zero Debris Charter implementation
  • EU Space Act compliance mechanisms
  • CSRD sustainability disclosure requirements
  • EU Taxonomy for sustainable activities

BRICS

  • CNSA space debris mitigation guidelines
  • Roscosmos state coordination protocols
  • ISRO sustainable space operations
  • INPE and SANSA regional cooperation

International Coordination

  • ITU radio frequency coordination
  • IADC technical standards alignment
  • UN Register of Objects Launched into Outer Space
  • Hague Code of Conduct (proposed)

Global Policy Momentum

Multiple international and regional policy processes are converging to create an unprecedented window of opportunity for implementing market-based space sustainability mechanisms.

UN COPUOS
Ongoing through 2025-2026

Working Group on Long-Term Sustainability

Review of implementation mechanisms for voluntary guidelines

IADC
2025-2026 review cycle

Technical Standards Update

Revision of space debris mitigation guidelines with enforcement considerations

Regional Space Agencies
2025-2030 implementation

Coordinated Sustainability Initiatives

NASA, ESA, CNSA, Roscosmos, ISRO parallel debris reduction programs

International Coordination
Annual forums 2025-2027

Multi-Stakeholder Dialogue

Government, industry, and civil society engagement on space sustainability governance

Regional Stakeholder Benefits

The SDC framework is designed to deliver equitable benefits across all regions, respecting diverse governance models while enabling universal participation in the space sustainability market.

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Americas

  • US commercial space leadership: New revenue streams for debris removal startups
  • Canadian innovation: Technology development and export opportunities
  • Latin American emerging markets: ESAF-funded capacity building and infrastructure
  • Regional cooperation: Pan-American space sustainability coordination
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Europe

  • ESA coordination: Zero Debris Charter implementation framework
  • Regulatory innovation: Global standard-setting through EU Space Act
  • Financial infrastructure: Luxembourg as SDC trading hub
  • Industrial base: French, Italian, German debris removal technology leadership
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BRICS

  • State-directed coordination: Integration with national space programs
  • Technology development: Innovative debris removal capabilities
  • Market scale: Large satellite constellations create SDC demand and supply
  • South-South cooperation: Technology transfer and joint missions
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Africa

  • Pan-African space development: AfSA coordination and capacity building
  • Leapfrog opportunities: Direct adoption of sustainable space practices
  • Regional cooperation: Shared ground infrastructure and data networks
  • ESAF priority allocation: 40% of initial quota revenues for emerging nations

Multipolar Cooperation Framework

The SDC system recognizes that different governance models can coexist within a unified sustainability framework, provided that verification standards and credit fungibility are maintained through neutral technical protocols.

Governance Model Flexibility

The framework accommodates state-directed, market-driven, and hybrid approaches to space operations while ensuring interoperability through standardized SDER metrics.

  • State-directed: National space agencies allocate quotas to operators
  • Market-driven: Private operators trade credits on open exchanges
  • Hybrid: Public-private partnerships with shared compliance obligations

Data Sovereignty & Federated Validation

Regional validator networks enable local data residency while maintaining global credit fungibility through blockchain consensus mechanisms.

  • Regional validators: Accredited by Space Sustainability Consortium
  • Data residency: Sensitive operational data remains within national jurisdiction
  • Cross-border verification: Cryptographic proofs enable trust without data sharing

Regional Customization Within Global Standards

National and regional authorities may implement additional requirements beyond baseline IADC standards, with SDER scoring adjusted to reflect local regulatory stringency.

  • Enhanced disposal timelines: Regions may require faster deorbiting
  • Collision avoidance protocols: Local coordination procedures
  • Reporting requirements: National registry integration

Global Economic Impact

The SDC framework creates a new global market for space sustainability, protecting the $300B+ space economy while generating investment opportunities and reducing insurance costs worldwide.

$300B+

Global Space Economy at Risk

Total value of satellite infrastructure threatened by debris collisions

$1.75B

SDC Market by 2029

Projected annual market size for space debris credits and removal services

30-50%

Insurance Cost Reduction

Potential savings for operators demonstrating low SDER scores and active mitigation

Regional Market Opportunities

Americas

Commercial debris removal services and technology export

$600-800M annual market

Europe

Financial infrastructure and regulatory technology leadership

$400-600M annual market

BRICS

Large-scale constellation compliance and indigenous technology

$500-700M annual market

Africa & Emerging

ESAF-funded capacity building and sustainable space development

$200-300M ESAF allocation

Technical & Legal Deep Dive

The following sections outline proposals for consideration by Member States and international stakeholders. These mechanisms are presented as potential pathways to operationalize space sustainability governance and are subject to multilateral negotiation and consensus-building.